The monograph is based on working drafts of published articles on several problematic tasks. The first task is related to the Monte Carlo method, the idea which was proposed at one time by a graduate of Lviv Polytechnic University, Stanislav Ulam. Thanks to this method, the problems related to the modelling of photon scattering by the so-called turbid medium are successfully solved. Turbid media are optically inhomogeneous, so the issues related to statistical analysis of the frame errors of nonlinearly transformed optical data are relevant for these studies. The final part of the monograph is devoted to the fourth task. The second problem is devoted to the development of a method of circumferential extremes of multibeam wave interference in plane-parallel. The basis of the third task of the monograph is the modelling of processes in optical systems using the so-called ” golden” proportions of the systems parameters relations, and the recurrent relationship between them.
